nonmusicians, if musical sleepers are included). nonmusicians with good musical aptitude) might also get reflected on behavioral tests, which when surfaced can obscure the group differences (musicians vs. The similarity in neural underpinnings between these groups (trained musicians vs. This finding is indicative of similarity in auditory neurobiological function for both musically trained and untrained individuals with pre-existing musical aptitude. Mankel and Bidelman showed enhanced brain potentials (frequency-following responses ) to speech in individuals with intrinsically proficient auditory systems (musical sleepers), which was similar to proficient musicians. Studies report of improved performance of musical sleepers in auditory-related tasks, which materialize as analogous neuroplastic benefits as observed in musicians. Īlthough the literature points at the numerous advantages of musical training on working memory and attention tasks, it fails to address the influence of pre-existing musical advantage that some nonmusicians (musical sleepers) seem to enjoy in certain auditory tasks. Pertaining to the selective attention tasks, musically trained adults showed superior performance on Flanker’s task compared to age-matched nonmusicians. In addition, a significant correlation has also been reported between their musical competence and performance in memory span tasks. Musicians have been reported to outperform nonmusicians on all the tasks of working memory, including tasks of digit span, reading span, operation span, and spatial span. Attention and working memory are closely related because paying attention to specific information makes it easier to remember. On the other hand, attention permits the individual to focus particularly on the event of importance and improves memory. Working memory refers to one component of the short-term memory (the ability to acquire, process, retain, and then recall information) system that can maintain, rehearse, and actively manipulate sensory information. The conglomeration of research findings suggests that musical training induces plausible changes in working memory and attention across both auditory and visual modalities. More recently, auditory scientists report advantages of musical training on auditory abilities such as speech perception in noise, pitch perception, and cognitive functioning, including memory and attention. Musicians exhibit experience linked superior performance in musical skills and the neural underpinnings of this advantage is reflected as morphological changes in their auditory cortices. In the past, several studies have shown that long-term musical experience induces neuro-plastic morphological and functional changes. The auditory and cognitive performance of musicians has intrigued scientists for the past two decades.
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